Introduction to SQL

Introduction

• Course Objectives, Course Agenda and Appendixes Used in this Course
• Overview of Oracle Database 12c and Related Products
• Overview of relational database management concepts and terminologies
• Introduction to SQL and its development environments
• What is Oracle SQL Developer?
• Starting SQL*Plus from Oracle SQL Developer
• The Human Resource (HR) Schema
• Tables used in the Course

Working with Oracle Cloud Exadata Express Cloud Service

• Introduction to Oracle Database Exadata Express Cloud Service
• Accessing Cloud Database using SQL Workshop
• Connecting to Exadata Express Database using Database Clients

Retrieving Data using the SQL SELECT Statement

• Capabilities of the SELECT statement
• Arithmetic expressions and NULL values in the SELECT statement
• Column aliases
• Use of concatenation operator, literal character strings, alternative
• quote operator, and the DISTINCT keyword
• Use of the DESCRIBE command

Restricting and Sorting Data

• Limiting the Rows
• Rules of precedence for operators in an expression
• Substitution Variables
• Using the DEFINE and VERIFY command

Using Single-Row Functions to Customize Output

• Describe the differences between single row and multiple row functions
• Manipulate strings with character function in the SELECT and WHERE clauses
• Manipulate numbers with the ROUND, TRUNC and MOD functions
• Perform arithmetic with date data
• Manipulate dates with the date functions

Using Conversion Functions and Conditional Expressions

• Describe implicit and explicit data type conversion
• Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions
• Nest multiple functions
• Apply the NVL, NULLIF, and COALESCE functions to data
• Use conditional IF THEN ELSE logic in a SELECT statement

Reporting Aggregated Data Using the Group Functions

• Group Functions
• Creating Groups of Data
• Restricting Group Results

Displaying Data from Multiple Tables Using Joins

• Introduction to JOINS
• Types of Joins
• Natural join
• Self-join
• Non equijoins
• OUTER join

Using Subqueries to Solve Queries

• Introduction to Subqueries
• Single Row Subqueries
• Multiple Row Subqueries
• Introduction to Subqueries
• Single Row Subqueries
• Multiple Row Subqueries

Using the SET Operators

• Set Operators
• UNION and UNION ALL operator
• INTERSECT operator
• MINUS operator
• Matching the SELECT statements
• Using ORDER BY clause in set operations

Managing Tables using DML statements

• Data Manipulation Language
• Database Transactions

Introduction to Data Definition Language

• Data Definition Language

Introduction to Data Dictionary Views

• Introduction to Data Dictionary
• Describe the Data Dictionary Structure
• Using the Data Dictionary views
• Querying the Data Dictionary Views

Creating Sequences, Synonyms, Indexes

• Overview of sequences
• Overview of synonyms
• Overview of indexes

Creating Views

• Overview of views

Managing Schema Objects

• Managing constraints
• Creating and using temporary tables
• Creating and using external tables

Retrieving Data by Using Subqueries

• Retrieving Data by Using a Subquery as Source
• Working with Multiple-Column subqueries
• Using Scalar subqueries in SQL
• Correlated Subqueries
• Working with the WITH clause

Manipulating Data by Using Subqueries

• Using Subqueries to Manipulate Data
• Inserting by Using a Subquery as a Target
• Using the WITH CHECK OPTION Keyword on DML Statements
• Using Correlated Subqueries to Update and Delete rows

Controlling User Access

• System privileges
• Creating a role
• Object privileges
• Revoking object privileges

Manipulating Data

• Overview of the Explicit Default Feature
• Using multitable INSERTs
• Using the MERGE statement
• Performing flashback operations
• Tracking Changes in Data

Managing Data in Different Time Zones

• Working with CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, and LOCALTIMESTAMP
• Working with INTERVAL data types